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Table of Contents

4.1 Purpose

This section describes the transaction set required for sending structured patient-oriented clinical data from one computer system to another. A common use of these transaction sets will be to transmit observations and results of diagnostic studies from the producing system (e.g., clinical 4.4.1.4.1  laboratory system, Radiology system) (the filler), to the ordering syste4.4.1.25 OBR-25 Result status (ID) 00258m (system (e.g., GP Surgery, specialists office system) (the placer). However, the transaction set is not limited to such transactions. Observations can be sent from producing systems to archival medical record systems (not necessarily the order placer) and from such medical record systems to other systems that were not part of the ordering loop, e.g., an office practice system of the referring physician for inpatient test results ordered by an inpatient surgeon. These transaction sets permit the transmission of any kind of clinical observations including (but not limited to) clinical laboratory results, the results of imaging studies (excluding the image), Pulmonary function studies, measures of patient status and condition, vital signs, intake and output, severity and/or frequency of symptoms, drug allergies, problem lists, diagnostic lists, physician and nursing history, physicals, progress notes, operative notes and so on. An observation can be one of many data types. The main ones are text, numbers and codes. This provides the flexibility needed to transmit observations that are recorded as continuous values (e.g., glucose, diastolic blood pressure), as categorical values, e.g., patient position (sitting, reclining or standing), VDRL (reactive, weakly reactive or nonreactive), or as text. An entire History and Physical could be transmitted as an observation whose value is one large chunk of formatted text.

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The triggering events that follow are all served by the ORU (Observational report – Unsolicited) or the ORF (Observational Report Response) messages in combination with ACK and QRY. Only the ORU messsage message is covered in the Australian localisation and some of the optional segments have been removed.

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The ORU^R01 message is sent out by the laboratory and in respose response a ACK^R01 message should be produced to confirm receipt of the ORU message. The structure of the ACK message is as below:

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The OBR segments confirm the status and completion of the ordered tests back to the placer allowing the placer to check off each test ordered as it is received. The OBR segments do not contain the results or when the results will be available. However, the structure of the OBR and OBX segments in the ORU can reflect the specimen used to determine the results e.g. specimen ID. 

HL7 Attribute Table – OBR – Observation Request 

SEQLENDTOPTRP/#TBL#ITEM#ELEMENT NAME
14SIC  00237Set ID - OBR
2250**EIC  00216Placer Order Number
3250**EIC  00238Filler Order Number
4250CER  00238Universal Service Identifier
52IDX  00239Priority - OBR (Superseded)
626TSX  00240Requested Date/Time (Superseded)
726TS  00241Observation Date/Time #
826TSO  00242Observation End Date/Time #
9250***CQO  00243Collection Volume *
10250XCNOY 00244Collector Identifier *
111IDO 006500245Specimen Action Code *
12250CEO  00246Danger Code
13300STO  00247Relevant Clinical Info
1426TSC  00248Specimen Received date/Time *
15300CMO 007000249Specimen Source *
16250XCNC****Y 00226Ordering Provider
17250XTNOY/2 00250Order Callback Phone Number
1860STO Y**** 00251Placer Field 1
1960STO Y**** 00252Placer Field 2
2060STO Y**** 00253Filler Field 1
2160STO Y**** 00254Filler Field 2
2226TSC  00255Results Rpt/Status Chng - Date/Time
2340CMO  00256Charge to Practice
2410IDR 007400257Diagnostic Serv Section ID
251IDC 012300258Result Status †
26400CMO  00259Parent Result + (Refer to notes in OBR-26 below)
27200TQOY 00221Quantity/Timing
28250XCNOY**** 00260Result Copies To
29200CMO  00261Parent (Refer to notes in OBR-29 below)
3020IDO 012400262Transportation Mode
31250CEOY 00263Reason for Study
32200CMO  00264Principle Result Interpreter
33200CMOY 00265Assistant Result Interpreter
34200CMOY 00266Technician
35200CMOY 00267Transcriptionist
3626TSO  00268Scheduled date/Time
374NMO  01028Number of Sample Containers *
38250CEOY 01029Transport Logistics of Collected Sample *
39250CEOY 01030CollectorsCollector's Comment
40250CEO  01031Transport Arrangement ResponsabilityResponsibility
4130IDO 022401032Transport Arranged
421IDO 022501033Escort Required
43250CEOY 01034Planned Patient transport Comment
44250CEO 008800393Procedure Code
45250CEOY034001316Procedure Code Modifier
46250CEOY041101474Placer Supplemental Service Information
47250CEOY041101475Filler Supplemental Service Information

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Since third party providers at another site (those other than the placer and filler of an order) can send and receive ORM and ORR messages (ie i.e. create orders), the placer site ID in this field may not be the same as any sending and receiving HDs  (as identified in the MSH segment).

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Definition: This field is the order number associated with the filling application. It is a case of the Entity Identifier data type (See Datatypes, “EI - Entity Identifier”). Its first component is a string that identifies an order detail segment (e.g., OBR). It is assigned by the order filler application. This string must uniquely identify the order (as specified in the order detail segment) from other orders in a particular filling application (e.g., clinical laboratory). This uniqueness must persist over time. The second through fourth components contain the the original authoring filler site ID, in the form of the HD data type (see Datatypes, “HD - hierarchic designator”). The second component of the filler order number always identifies the actual filler of an order. Since third party sites/applications (those other than the placer and filler of an order) can send and receive ORM and ORR messages, the filler application ID in this field may not be the same as any sending and receiving application HDs (as identified in the MSH segment).

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Definition: This field is the identifier code for the requested observation/test/battery. This can be based on local and/or “universal” codes. We recommend the “universal” procedure identifier if available (eg e.g. SNOMED-CT). 

This field is used for the requested service. The RCPA Board approved Requesting Pathology Terminology Reference Set is available on the RCPA website

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In referral messages the referral summary is indicated by the OBR-4 code, which should be either a child concept of the SNOMED CT-AU concept 373942005 Discharge Summary (record artifact), for hospital discharge or a child of 3457005 | Patient referral (procedure) for provider to provider referral. This OBR/OBX group should contain the VMR data if available. Senders may include older referrals in a REF message but the current referral must appear as the first OBR/OBX group. A initial candidate set of record artifact decended descended codes has been submitted to the Australian Digital Health Agency 

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Subcomponents of units: <identifier (ST)> & <test (ST)> & <name of coding system (IS)> & <alternate identifier (ST)> & <alternate text (ST)> & <name of alternate coding system (IS)>
Definition: For laboratory tests, the collection volume is the volume of a specimen. The default unit is ML. Specifically, units should be expressed using UCUM (unitsofmeasure.org). This is a results-only field except when the placer or a party has already drawn the specimen.

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Definition: This field is the action to be taken with respect to the specimens that accompany or precede this order. The purpose of this field is to further qualify (when appropriate) the general action indicated by the order control code contained in the accompanying ORC segment. For example, when a new order (ORC - “NW”) is sent to the lab, this field would be used to tell the lab whether or not to collect the specimen (“L” or “O”).

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table0065
table0065

HL7 Table 0065 - Specimen Action Code

ValueDescription
AAdd ordered tests to the existing Specimen
GGenerated order; reflex order
Llab to obtain specimen from patient
OSpecimen obtained by service other than Lab
PPending specimen; Order sent prior to delivery
RRevised order
SSchedule the test specified below

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Snomed-CT AU is a recommended source terminology for this field. 

ege.g. 71837009^Cytotoxic agent (product)^SCT

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SNOMED-CT AU is recommended as a terminology source this field. e.g. 122575003&Urine Specimen&SCT

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table0070
table0070

HL7 Table 0070 – Specimen source codes

Value Description
ABS Abscess
AMN Amniotic fluid
ASP Aspirate
BPH Basophils
BIFL Bile fluid
BLDA Blood arterial
BBL Blood bag
BLDC Blood capillary
BPU Blood product unit
BLDV Blood venous
BON Bone
BRTH Breath (use EXHLD)
BRO Bronchial
BRN Burn
CALC Calculus (=Stone)
CDM Cardiac muscle
CNL Cannula
CTP Catheter tip
CSF Cerebral spinal fluid
CVM Cervical mucus
CVX Cervix
COL Colostrum
BLDCO Cord blood
CNJT Conjunctiva
CUR Curettage
CYST Cyst
DIAF Dialysis fluid
DOSE Dose med or substance
DRN Drain
EAR Ear
EARW Ear wax (cerumen)
ELT Electrode
ENDC Endocardium
ENDM Endometrium
EOS Eosinophils
RBC Erythrocytes
EYE Eye
EXG Exhaled gas (=breath)
FIB Fibroblasts
FLT Filter
FIST Fistula
FLU Body fluid, unsp
GAS Gas
GAST Gastric fluid/contents
GEN Genital
GENC Genital cervix
GENL Genital lochia
GENV Genital vaginal
HAR Hair
IHG Inhaled Gas
IT Intubation tube
ISLT Isolate
LAM Lamella
WBC Leukocytes
LN Line
LNA Line arterial
LNV Line venous
LIQ Liquid NOS
LYM Lymphocytes
MAC Macrophages
MAR Marrow
MEC Meconium
MBLD Menstrual blood
MLK Milk
MILK Breast milk
NAIL Nail
NOS Nose (nasal passage)
ORH Other
PAFL Pancreatic fluid
PAT Patient
PRT Peritoneal fluid /ascites
PLC Placenta
PLAS Plasma
PLB Plasma bag
PLR Pleural fluid (thoracentesis fld)
PMN Polymorphonuclear neutrophils
PPP Platelet poor plasma
PRP Platelet rich plasma
PUS Pus
RT Route of medicine
SAL Saliva
SMN Seminal fluid
SER Serum
SKN Skin
SKM Skeletal muscle
SPRM Spermatozoa
SPT Sputum
SPTC Sputum - coughed
SPTT Sputum - tracheal aspirate
STON Stone (use CALC)
STL Stool = Fecal
SWT Sweat
SNV Synovial fluid (Joint fluid)
TEAR Tears
THRT Throat
THRB Thrombocyte (platelet)
TISS Tissue
TISG Tissue gall bladder
TLGI Tissue large intestine
TLNG Tissue lung
TISPL Tissue placenta
TSMI Tissue small intestine
TISU Tissue ulcer
TUB Tube NOS
ULC Ulcer
UMB Umbilical blood
UMED Unknown medicine
URTH Urethra
UR Urine
URC Urine clean catch
URT Urine catheter
URNS Urine sediment
USUB Unknown substance
VITF Vitreous Fluid
VOM Vomitus
BLD Whole blood
BDY Whole body
WAT Water
WICK Wick
WND Wound
WNDA Wound abscess
WNDE Wound exudate
WNDD Wound drainage
XXX To be specified in another part of the message

 


The second component should include free text additives to the specimen such as Heparin, EDTA, or Oxlate, when applicable.

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The fourth component specifies the body site from which the specimen was obtained, and the fifth is the site modifier. For example, the site could be antecubital fossa, and the site modifier “right.” The components of the CE fields become subcomponents. Refer to HL7 Table 0163 - Body site.  SNOMED-CT AU is recommended as a terminology source this field. e.g. 64033007&kidney structure&SCT

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table0163
table0163

HL7 Table 0163 – Body site

ValueDescription
BEBilateral Ears
OUBilateral Eyes
BNBilateral Nares
BUButtock
CTChest Tube
LALeft Arm
LACLeft Anterior Chest
LACFLeft Antecubital Fossa
LDLeft Deltoid
LELeft Ear
LEJLeft External Jugular
OSLeft Eye
LF Left Foot
LGLeft Gluteus Medius
LHLeft Hand
LIJLeft Internal Jugular
LLAQLeft Lower Abd Quadrant
LLFALeft Lower Forearm
LMFALeft Mid Forearm
LNLeft Naris
LPCLeft Posterior Chest
LSCLeft Subclavian
LTLeft Thigh
LUALeft Upper Arm
LUAQLeft Upper Abd Quadrant
LUFALeft Upper Forearm
LVGLeft Ventragluteal
LVLLeft Vastus Lateralis
NBNebulized
PAPerianal
PERINPerineal
RARight Arm
RACRight Anterior Chest
RACFRight Antecubital Fossa
RDRight Deltoid
RERight Ear
REJRight External Jugular
ODRight Eye
RFRight Foot
RGRight Gluteus Medius
RHRight Hand
RIJRight Internal Jugular
RLAQRt Lower Abd Quadrant
RLFARight Lower Forearm
RMFARight Mid Forearm
RNRight Naris
RPCRight Posterior Chest
RSCRight Subclavian
RTRight Thigh
RUARight Upper Arm
RUAQRight Upper Abd Quadrant
RUFARight Upper Forearm
RVLRight Vastus Lateralis
RVGRight Ventragluteal

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The ST field is encoded with repeating name=value pairs separated by commas. ege.g. |name=value,name=value,name=value|

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When transmitted all reserved HL7 delimiters must be escaped and the OBR-20 ST result extracted, unescaped and then parsed as a comma separated name=value pairs.

ege.g. |LN=2016-1234-XYZ\T\LBA| is extracted as LN=2016-1234-XYZ&LBA

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Definition: This field is the section of the diagnostic service where the observation was performed. If the study was performed by an outside service, the identification of that service should be recorded here.

Refer to HL7 Table 0074 - Diagnostic service section ID for for valid entries. This field is required in Australian implementations to indicate to the placer system which clinical area to display the results. 

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table0074
table0074

HL7 Table 0074 - Diagnostic service section ID 

ValueDescription
AUAudiology
BGBlood Gases
BLBBlood Bank
CGCytogenetics
CUSCardiac Ultrasound
CTHCardiac Catheterization
CTCAT Scan
CHChemistry
CPCytopathology
EC

Electrocardiac (e.g. ECG, EEC, Holter)

ENElectroneuro
GE †Genetics
HMHaematology
ICUBedside ICU Monitoring
IMMImmunology
LAB

Laboratory (for multiple departments within the same OBR).

MBMicrobiology
MCBMycobacteriology
MYCMycology
NMRNuclear Magnetic Resonance
NMSNuclear Medicine Scan
NRS

Nursing Services MeasureszMeasures

OUSOB Ultrasound

OT

Occupational Therapy
OTHOther
OSLOutside Lab
PHRPharmacy
PTPhysical Therapy
PHY

Physician (Hx. Dx, admission note, etc)

PFPulmonary Function
RADRadiology
RUSRadiology Ultrasound
RC

Respiratory Care (therapy)

RTRadiation Therapy
RXRadiograph
SRSerology
SP

Histology and Anatomical Pathology

TXToxicology
VUSVascular Ultrasound
VRVirology
XRCCineradiograph

4.4.2 OBX - Observation/Result segment

Note: † An Australian extension to the the laboratory department code. 

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There are two methods of sending status information. If the status is that of the entire order, use ORC-15- order effective date/time and ORC-5-order status. If the status pertains to the order detail segment, use OBR-25-result status and OBR-22-results report/status change - date/time. If both are present, the OBR values override the ORC values. This field would typically be used in a response to an order status query where the level of detail requested does not include the OBX segments. When the individual status of each result is necessary, OBX-11- observ result status may be used. In the Australian environment, when any part of a report is corrected,  a complete report, containing all the OBX segments should be transmitted with an OBR-25 status of 'C'. The individually updated OBX segments can be flagged with their own result status in OBX-11.

Refer to HL7 Table 0123 - Result status for valid OBR Result Status entries.

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table0123
table0123

HL7 Table 0123 - Result status 

ValueDescription
OOrder received; specimen not yet received
INo results available; specimen received, procedure incomplete
SNo results available; procedure scheduled, but not done
ASome, but not all, results available
PPreliminary: A verified early result is available, final results not yet obtained
CCorrection to results
RResults stored; not yet verified
FFinal results; results stored and verified. Can only be changed with a corrected result.
XNo results available; Order canceled.
YNo order on record for this test. (Used only on queries)
Z

No record of this patient. (Used only on queries)

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Definition: This field identifies how (or whether) to transport a patient, when applicable. Refer to HL7 Table 0124 - Transportation mode for valid codes.

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table0124
table0124

HL7 Table 0124 - Transportation mode 

ValueDescription
CARTCart - patient travels on cart or gurney
PORTThe examining device goes to patient's location
WALKPatient walks to diagnostic service
WHLCWheelchair

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Snomed-CT AU is a recommended source terminology for this field. 

ege.g274640006^Fever with chills (finding)^SCT

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e.g. 161156004^Language difficulty (finding)^SCT

161156004 | Lang161156004 | Language difficulty (finding)uage difficulty (finding)

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OBR-40
OBR-40

4.4.1.40 OBR-40 Transport arrangement responsibility (CE) 01031

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Definition: This field is an indicator of whether transport arrangements are known to have been made.

Refer to HL7 Table 0224 - Transport arranged for valid codes.

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table0224
table0224

HL7 Table 0224 - Transport arranged 

ValueDescription
AArranged
NNot Arranged
UUnknown

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Definition: This field is an indicator that the patient needs to be escorted to the diagnostic service department. Note: The nature of the escort requirements should be stated in the OBR-43-planned patient transport comment field. See 

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table0225
table0225

HL7 Table 0225 - Escort required 

ValueDescription
RRequired
NNot Required
UUnknown

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Definition: This field contains a unique identifier assigned to the procedure, if any, associated with the Universal Service ID reported in field 4. User-defined Table 0088 - Procedure code is used as the HL7 identifier for the user-defined table of values for this field. This field is a CE data type for compatibility with clinical and ancillary systems. 

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table0088
table0088

User-defined Table 0088 - Procedure code

ValueDescription
 No suggested values defined

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Definition: This field contains the procedure code modifier to the procedure code reported in field 44, when applicable. Procedure code modifiers are defined by regulatory agencies. Multiple modifiers may be reported. User-defined Table 0088 - Procedure code is used as the HL7 identifier for the user-defined table of values for this field.

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Definition: This field contains supplemental service information sent from the placer system to the filler system for the universal procedure code reported in OBR-4 Universal Service ID. This field will be used to provide ordering information detail that is not available in other, specific fields in the OBR segment. Multiple supplemental service information elements may be reported. Refer to User-defined table 0411 - Supplemental service information values for suggested values. This field can be used to describe details such as whether study is to be done on the right or left, for example where the study is of the arm and the order master file does not distinguish right from left or whether the study is to be done with or without contrast (when the order master file does not make such distinctions).

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table0411
table0411

User-defined Table 0411 - Supplemental service information values  

ValueDescription
1STFirst
2NDSecond
3RDThird
4THFourth
5THFifth
ANTAnterior
A/PAnterior/Posterior
BLTBilateral
DECDecubitus
DSTDistal
LATLateral
LFTLeft
LLQLeft Lower Quadrant
LOWLower
LUQLeft Upper Quadrant
MEDMedial
OROperating Room
PEDPediatric
POSPosterior
PRTPortable
PRXProximal
RECRecumbent
RLQRight Lower Quadrant
RGHRight
RUQRight upper Quadrant
UPPUpper
UPRUpwrightUpright
WCTWith Contrast
WOCWithout Contrast
WSDWith Sedation

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Following the final atomic OBX segment are the OBX display segment(s) with the presented report. There must be at least one display segment per OBR segment and where there is more than one display type it must contain the same report detail. If there is a digital signature it will appear after the OBX display segments.

HL7 Attribute Table – OBX – Observation/Result

SEQLENDTOPTRP#TBL#ITEM#ELEMENT NAME
14SIO  00569Set ID - OBX
23**IDC 012500570Value Type
3250CER  00571Observation Identifier
420STC  00572Observation Sub-ID
516 MB†*C Y 00573Observation Value
6250CEO  00574Units
760STO  00575References Range
85ISOY/5007800576Abnormal Flags
95NMO  00577Probability
102IDOY008000578Nature of Abnormal Test
111IDR 008500579Observation Result Status
1226TSO  00580Date last Observation Normal value
1320STO  00581User Defined Access Checks
1426TSO  00582Date/Time of the Observation
15250CEO  00583Producers ID
16250XCNOY 00584Responsible Observer
17250CEOY 00936Observation Method
18250***EIOY 01479Equipment Instance Identifier
1926TSO  01480Date/Time of the Analysis

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All HL7 data types are valid, and are included in Table 0125 except CM, CQ, SI, and ID. For a CM definition to have meaning, the specifics about the CM must be included in the field definition. OBX-5- observation value is a general field definition that is influenced by the data type OBX-3, so CMs are undefined in this context. CQ is invalid because units for OBX-5-observation value are always specified explicitly in an OBX segment with OBX-6 units. SI is invalid because it only applied to HL7 message segments, and ID because it requires a constant field definition. The RP value (reference pointer) must be used if the actual observation value is not sent in OBX but exists somewhere else. For example, if the observation consists of an image (document or medical), the image itself may not necessarily be sent in OBX. The sending system may in that case opt to send a reference pointer. The receiving system can use this reference pointer whenever it needs access to the actual image through other interface standards, e.g., DICOM, or through appropriate servers.

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table0125
table0125

HL7 Table 0125 - Value type 

ValueDescription
ADAddress
CECoded Entry
CNE Coded with no exceptions
CWE Coded with exceptions
CFCoded Element with Formatted values
CKComposite ID With Check Digit
CNComposite ID And Name
CPComposite Price
CXExtended Composite ID With Check Digit
DRDate/Time Range
DTDate
EDEncapsulated Data
EIEnitity Entity Identifier
FTFormatted Text (Display)
MOMoney
NMNumeric
PNPerson Name
RPReference Pointer
SNStructured Numeric
STString Data.
TMTime
TNTelephone Number
TSTime Stamp (Date & Time)
TXText Data (Display)
XADExtended Address
XCNExtended Composite Name And Number For Persons
XONExtended Composite Name And Number For Organizations
XPNExtended Person Name
XTNExtended Telecommunications Number

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When local codes are used as the first identifier in this field we strongly encourage sending a universal identifier as well to permit receivers to equivalence results from different providers of the same service (e.g., a hospital lab and commercial lab that provides serum potassium to a nursing home). LOINC® is an HL7 approved code system for the Observation identifier. It covers observations and measurements, such as laboratory tests, physical findings, radiology studies, and claims attachments and can be obtained from loinc.org. LOINC codes, selected by the RCPA for Standards for Pathology Informatics in Australia (SPIA) reporting terminology reference sets which can be obtained at RCPA website or from the National Clinical Terminology Service.

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On occasions no code will be defined or available and only the text component of the CE will be valued. Where a coded term exists in a standard terminology then the identifer identifier and coding system name component should be valued.

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Definition: This field contains a table lookup indicating the normalcy status of the result. We strongly recommend sending this value when applicable. (See ASTM 1238 - review for more details). Refer to User-defined Table 0078 - Abnormal flags for valid entries.

When the laboratory can discern the normal status of a textual report, such as chest X-ray reports or microbiologic culture, these should be reported as N when normal and A when abnormal. Multiple codes, e.g., abnormal and worse, would be separated by a repeat delimiter, e.g., A~W.

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table0078
table0078

User-defined Table 0078 - Abnormal flags 

ValueDescription
In the Australian context the three-tier scale is:
+At least one level above normal limit
++Two levels above
+++Three levels above
-At least one level below normal limit
--Two levels below
---Three levels below
In the Australian context the two-tier scale is:
LBelow low normal
HAbove high normal
LL Below lower panic limits
HH Above upper panic limits
For Microbiology use:
SSusceptible. Indicates for microbiology susceptibilities only.
RResistant. Indicates for microbiology susceptibilities only.
IIntermediate. Indicates for microbiology susceptibilities only.
For non-numeric results:
AAbnormal (applies to non-numeric results)
NNormal (applies to non-numeric results)

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Definition: This field contains the nature of the abnormal test. Refer to HL7 Table 0080 - Nature of abnormal testing for valid values. As many of the codes as apply may be included, separated by repeat delimiters. For example, normal values based on age, sex, and race would be codes as A~S~R.

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table0080
table0080

HL7 Table 0080 - Nature of abnormal testing 

ValueDescription
AAn age-based population
NNone - generic normal range
R A race-based population
S

A sex-based population

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Definition: This field contains the observation result status.

Refer to HL7 table 0085 - Observation result status codes interpretation for valid values.

This field reflects the current completion status of the results for one Observation Identifier. It is a required field. Previous versions of HL7 stated this implicitly by defining a default value of “F.” Code F indicates that the result has been verified to be correct and final. Code W indicates that the result has been verified to be wrong (incorrect); a replacement (corrected) result may be transmitted later. Code C indicates that data contained in the OBX-5-observation value field are to replace previously transmitted (verified and) final result data with the same observation ID (including suffix, if applicable) and observation sub-ID usually because the previous results were wrong. Code D indicates that data previously transmitted in a result segment with the same observation ID (including suffix) and observation sub-ID should be deleted.

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Multiple preliminary results may be reported at different observation times. e.g. a microbiology culture.

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table0085
table0085

HL7 Table 0085 - Observation result status codes interpretation 

ValueDescription
CRecord coming over is a correction and thus replaces a final result
DDeletes the OBX record
FFinal results; Can only be changed with a corrected result.
ISpecimen in lab; results pending
NNot asked; used to affirmatively document that the observation identified in the OBX was not sought when the universal service ID in OBR-4 implies that it would be sought.
OOrder detail description only (no result)
PPreliminary results
RResults entered -- not verified
SPartial results
XResults cannot be obtained for this observation
UResults status change to final without retransmitting results already sent as ‘preliminary.’ E.g., radiology changes status from preliminary to final
WPost original as wrong, e.g., transmitted for wrong patient

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See conformance points section HL7au:000008.

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DisplayFormatCodesTable
DisplayFormatCodesTable
Display Format codes

Identifier (ST)Text (ST)*Name of Coding System (IS)OBX Value Type
RTFDisplay Format in RTFAUSPDIED
HTMLDisplay Format in HTMLAUSPDIED
PDFDisplay Format in PDFAUSPDIED
TXTDisplay Format in TextAUSPDIFT
PIT *Display Format in PITAUSPDIFT

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4.5.3 Using the HTML display Format

The html HTML format uses xhtml XHTML and the details regarding the format of the html are given in the Appendix. xHTML XHTML display data should be base64 encoded in an ED segment. The xhtml XHTML should be valid xml. Any html HTML display segment SHOULD be displayed with a compliant browser control. These are available of virtually all platforms an ensure reliable display of compliant xhtmlXHTML. When handled correctly xhtml XHTML is the most inter-operable of all formats.

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NTE segments are not used in the Australian setting but comments about individual results (A single OBX) or a report (All OBX segments under a OBR Segment) are supported by the use of OBX segments with specific LOINC codes. Result Comments are in an OBX segment immediately following the result OBX and report comments are contained in an OBX segment at the end of the report but before the display orientated OBX segments detailed in Section 4.5. The LOINC code in a Comment OBX Segment (In OBX-3) allows differentiation between result and report comments. Ideally result comments should be linked to result by use of OBX-4 Observation Sub-ID as well as the position in the message.

...

LOINC CodeLong Name
70949-3Pathology report.section heading
73983-9Report.section heading Unspecified body region

When these codes are used the display of OBX-3 should be suppressed and the Value component displayed as a heading. The value component is usually of type CE (Coded Entry) or ST (String). These LOINC codes are usually used in conjunction with the OBX-4 Observation SubID to allow repetition of the codes for multiple headings and nested sections.

...

LOINC CodeLong Name
60572-5Report template ID

This OBX segment can be omitted from the display but for systems capable of interpreting the template provides an identifier for the template that the data confirms to. Any data in the list of OBX segments under the current OBR segment that has a OBX-4 Observation SubID starting with the SubID of the Template identifier OBX is a part of the templated data.

...

OBX-8 Abnormal flags should be taken into consideration and atomic results with abnormal flags SHOULD be highlighted. If colour is used, then highlighting must be achived achieved by an additional method not relying on colour to accomodate colour accommodate colour blind readers. The abnormal flags SHOULD be displayed and displayed immediately after any Numeric, Structured numeric, String or Coded data.

...

The display of Free Text (FT) data SHOULD use a non proportional font to allow data of separate lines to align. This display SHOULD allow for a minimum of 80 characters before any word wrapping occurs. Free Text that is specified as able to be wordwrapped should word wrapped should be word wrapped to make it visible to the user on one screen and not be hidden off the right hand side of the screen as one line of text.

...

4.9 Pathology terminology

Pathology terminology is published on the RCPA website and the National Clinical Terminology Service.

...

3. Numeric results are incomplete without associated units and guidance for interpretation (eg e.g. reference intervals) and so these must always be shown with the number.

...

More recently in the RCPA PITUS 15-16 working group 5 "Report modelling for safe atomic reporting to registries" have progressed FHIR artefacts which are then transported in a HL7 V2.4 message. The initial work is based on the colorectal cancer protocol and the prostate (radical prostatectomy) cancer protocol and is available at http://fhir.hl7.org.au/fhir/rcpa/index.html.

...

In the OBX segments, the same LOINC code is used to indicate the item eg e.g. unit of blood or fresh frozen plasma etc, and OBX-4 Observation sub-ID is used to indicate the separate units of red cells or fresh frozen plasma etc.

...

 

Note: A new microbiology model is under development and the following example is to demonstrate the use of OBX sub-id, and is not intended as a definitive guide to micro urine reporting.

Code Block
titleMicrobiology reporting with multiple organisms example
linenumberstrue
MSH|^~\&|EQUATORDXTRAY^EQUATORDXTRAY^L|Acme Pathology^1001^AUSNATA|||20150420221113+1000||ORU^R01^ORU_R01|20150420.123321|P|2.4^AUS&&ISO3166_1^HL7AU.ONO.1&&HL7AU|||AL||AUS
PID|1|...
PV1|1|O||||||01234567W^BROWN^Bill^^^DR^^^AUSHICPR^L^^^UPIN|01234567W^BROWN^Bill^^^DR^^^AUSHICPR^L^^^UPIN
ORC|RE||03-7654321-URC-0^Acme Pathology^1001^AUSNATA||CM|||||||01234567W^BROWN^Bill^^^DR^^^AUSHICPR^L^^^UPIN
OBR|1||03-7654321-URC-0^Acme Pathology^1001^AUSNATA|URC^URINE MICRO^L|||201503081300+1000|||||||201503081928+1000||01234567W^BROWN^Bill^^^DR^^^AUSHICPR^L^^^UPIN||||DR=MME,LN=03-7654323,RC=Y||201504181642+1000||MB|F||^^^201503080000+1000|01234564W^GREEN^Wilma^^^DR^^^AUSHICPR^L^^^UPIN||||Reporting Pathologist
OBX|1|ST|19159-3^Collection Method^LN||Mid stream urine||||||F|||201503082316+1000
OBX|2|ST|25428-4^Glucose^LN||Negative||||||F|||201503082350+1000
OBX|3|ST|2514-8^Ketones^LN||Negative||||||F|||201503082350+1000
OBX|4|ST|20454-5^Protein^LN||+||||||F|||201503082350+1000
OBX|5|NM|30405-5^Leucocytes^LN||40|10*6/L^10*6/L^UCUM|<10|+|||F|||201503090015+1000
OBX|6|NM|30391-7^Erythrocytes^LN||20|10*6/L^10*6/L^UCUM|<10|+|||F|||201503090015+1000
OBX|7|SN|30383-4^Epithelial cells^LN||<^10|10*6/L^10*6/L^UCUM|||||F|||201503090015+1000
OBX|8|ST|8269-3^^LN|1|Organism 1||||||F
OBX|9|CE|630-4^Bacteria Identified^LN|1|40886007^Klebsiella oxytoca^SCT|||A|||F
OBX|10|SN|19090-0^Colony Count^LN|1|>^10|||A|||F
OBX|11|ST|18864-9^Amp/Amoxycillin^LN|1|R|||R|||F
OBX|12|ST|18862-3^Amoxycillin+Clavulanic acid^LN|1|R|||R|||F
OBX|13|ST|18897-9^Cephalexin^LN|1|R|||R|||F
OBX|14|ST|18955-5^Nitrofurantoin^LN|1|R|||R|||F
OBX|15|ST|18956-3^Norfloxacin^LN|1|S|||S|||F
OBX|16|ST|18997-7^Trimethoprim^LN|1|R|||R|||F
OBX|17|ST|18928-2^Gentamicin^LN|1|S|||S|||F
OBX|18|ST|8270-1^^LN|2|Organism 2||||||F
OBX|19|CE|630-4^Bacteria Identified^LN|2|73457008^Protues mirabilis^SCT|||A|||F
OBX|20|SN|19090-0^Colony Count^LN|2|>^100|||A|||F
OBX|21|ST|18864-9^Amp/Amoxycillin^LN|2|R|||R|||F
OBX|22|ST|18862-3^Amoxycillin+Clavulanic acid^LN|2|S|||S|||F
OBX|23|ST|18897-9^Cephalexin^LN|2|S|||S|||F
OBX|24|ST|18955-5^Nitrofurantoin^LN|2|S|||S|||F
OBX|25|ST|18956-3^Norfloxacin^LN|2|S|||S|||F
OBX|26|ST|18997-7^Trimethoprim^LN|2|R|||R|||F
OBX|27|ST|18928-2^Gentamicin^LN|2|S|||S|||F
OBX|28|FT|8251-1^Generated comment^LN||\.br\May be suggestive of UTI in the presence of symptoms.\.br\||||||F

Note:

  1. A display segment is expected, but has not been included in this example.
  2. All results are reported under a single order (placer/filler) number.
  3. An organism and its related sensitivities are reported within a group of OBX segments e.g. the value of "1" is common to all OBX-4 fields from OBX|8| to OBX|17| in the example above. If greater than one organism is present then the value of OBX-4 Observation sub-ID should be incremented for each organism.
    1. Comments associated with the organism/sensitivity pattern must have the same OBX-4 Observation sub-ID as the organism/sensitivity pattern.
    2. Comments associated with the report must have a different OBX-4 Observation sub-ID to the specific organism OBX-4 Observation sub-ID.
  4. For the organism eg e.g. OBX|9| above, use a LOINC code in OBX-3.
  5. For the identification of the organism a SNOMED CT code is used in OBX-5 Observation value eg e.g. OBX|9|-5 above of |40886007^Klebsiella oxytoca^SCT|.
  6. If there is an abnormality indicator for the organism it will be in OBX-8 Abnormal Flags with the acceptable values of "A" for "Abnormal", "N" for "Normal" or "null".

  7. If a colony count is present it will be in a separate OBX following the organism OBX eg e.g. OBX|10| above.  It will have a LOINC code in OBX-3 eg e.g. 19090-0 for "Colony count [#/volume] in Urine" with the OBX-5 Observation value e.g. "|<10|". 

  8. When reporting sensitivities for the organism the encoded value for the antibiotic is in OBX-5 Observation value and the sensitivity result is placed in OBX-8 Abnormal Flags with the acceptable values being:
    1. S - sensitive;
    2. R - resistant; and
    3. I - intermediate
  9. The LOINC code used for sensitivities identifies the method used for the sensitivities.
  10. OBX-17 Observation Method is not used for microbiology susceptibility method. OBX-17 Observation Method is used for transmitting flags to indicate "combining of results" - refer to "Combining test values from different organisations".

...

https://labtest.com.au/mylabapp/data%20path/id/2016F0001000-1?viewview=jpegrender&mode=online

We will match the URL parts as follows:

URL PartValue
scheme https://
server labtest.com.au
application path/mylabapp
data path/data%20path/id/2016F0001000-1
query ?viewview=jpegrender&mode=online

 

These parts would be encoded into a RP datatype as follows:

...

Order to report scenario

ORC-1 Order control code

(HL7 table 0119)

Order control code description
Comment
Direct 1:1 matching of order with the reportREObservations/Performed Service to followNote: This is a variance to HL7 V2.4, section 4.5.1.1.1(j) which states that this codes is not necessary in an ORU message. However, HL7 provides no option to filling this mandatory field.
Greater than one ordered test on a single report - Results with no direct orderCNCombined result 
Greater than one ordered test on a single report - Final test sent in reportREObservations/Performed Service to follow 
Reflex or self determined tests or where a single test generates greater than one report - result for the original orderPAParent order/serviceMedicare Australia permits the laboratory automatically adding on tests based on initial results, though these add-ons are more likely to be non-billable. These add-on tests will not have a Placer Order Number; however they can be matched using the Placer Group Number.
Reflex or self determined tests or where a single test generates greater than one report - child ordersPA/CHParent order/service / Child order/service 
Reflex or self determined tests or where a single test generates greater than one report - final test sent with the reportREObservations/Performed Service to follow 
Report copies to recipients that are not the original requesterREObservations/Performed Service to follow

Placer group number and placer order number shall be <null>.

Add-on tests - requested by someone who is not the original requesterREObservations/Performed Service to follow

The placer group number should be sent as for the original request.

For the ordering provider, placer order number will be returned. However, for the original requester, the placer order number shall be <null> ie i.e. although the original requester did not order the test they would generally be included in the copy to doctors.

An order may be cancelled by the placer up until the time the result is sent or by the filler due to an unsatisfactory specimen. Once a test is resulted it cannot be cancelled.CA

Cancel order/service
request

Placer Applications.
A cancellation is a request by the placer for the filler not to do a previously ordered service. Confirmation of the cancellation request is provided by the filler, e.g., a message with an ORC-1-order control value of CR.
Typical responses include, but are not limited to, CR – Cancelled as requested, UC – Unable to Cancel.

...

The pathology provider will respond with the the following ORR^O02 message - ignoring the two-stage acknowledgement for this scenario: 

...

In this scenario the test resulted is the same the the test ordered; hence there no combining or replacing of test codes as per scenario 1 and 2.

...

A pathology provider will want to match the patient identifier to enable the provision of cumulative results which provides more information over time than just a snapshot and Medicare has rules on some tests regarding the frequency a test can be ordered over a period of a specific period of time.  The pathology results receiver will want the patient identifier to match results on a patient where the order originated from another provider eg e.g. copy to doctor, to determine if it is an existing patient or a new patient to their patient management system. It is therefore useful to the receivers of the request or the results to receive as many patient identifiers as possible.

...

CodeDefinitionAdditional comments and examples
AUSEHRMy Health Record consent flag. For example AUSEHR=Y indicates that consent has been given for this report to be uploaded to the My Health Record.
CPThis is a copy result ie i.e. the receiving doctor is not the requesting doctor.

Useful to the receiving site when a result is received with no corresponding order or the patient has no history at the medical practice.
This item is not required when the receiving doctor is the requesting doctor.

Example: |CP=Y| for the case when it is a copy doctor. 

DR

The doctor code or Provider Number used by the diagnostics provider for the Receiving
Doctor.

The code can be used by the diagnostics provider to write a ‘tracking’ record for the result after the surgery has acknowledged receipt of the result. It is not required to be returned by the surgery; the diagnostics provider will retrieve the code from their copy of the message when the acknowledgment is received.
Alternatively, the receiving site can use the code to identify the receiving doctor.
It should be assumed to be a Provider Number, although in some instances the provider number will not be available when the receiver is not a Medicare registered practitioner.
Example:
DR=ABC12 — doctor code
DR=123456XY — provider number

LN

Laboratory/Diagnostic imaging Number assigned by the diagnostics provider to the specimen or procedure.

For electronic orders the Filler Order Number is used to acknowledge receipt of the order. This may not necessarily correspond to the diagnostics provider's identifier for the result. This value must be retained and displayed by the PMS because referral to the performing diagnostics provider will usually require this number to be quoted (NOT the Filler Order Number).
In cases where no electronic order was made, and consequently no Filler Order Number was returned in an Order Acknowledgment (ORR message), the result message may contain the Laboratory/Diagnostic imaging Number in the ‘Filler Order Number’ field.
For consistency it should be recorded under the ‘LN’ item.

RCRequest complete

HL7 only allows an individual ‘order’ items to be flagged complete—not a list of orders that formed a request.
Tests that are ordered may be reported under a different test name and this can be marked complete by sending an OBR with no OBX segments. This facility allows for all orders under a placer group number to be flagged complete.

In the case where electronic orders are not implemented, this provides a mechanism to indicate the when all results for the request have been reported.

This is indicated via the ‘RC=Y’ item.
Example: RC=Y

...

When an electronic request is made the order will be transmitted to the laboratory, the laboratory must respond with with a Filler Order Number: If the order contains more than one order on the same request ie i.e. same Placer Group Number then the laboratory must respond with the same number of order responses. 
The preferred response is to respond immediately to the order with an ACK message and transmit an ORR message with a Filler Order Number when the specimen is received.
An optional method is for the laboratory to hold the order and not respond until the specimen has been received by the laboratory and the lab number can be used as one part of the Filler Order Number. 

...

Code Block
MSH|...
PID|...
PV1|....
ORC|RE||11P123456-98765432^MLS^2623^AUSNATA|996042222^SNP^1964^AUSNATA|CA||||20160623164200|JAMB^James Brown^^^^^^^NATA2623||049266KX^Teste^Testy^^^Mr^^^AUSHIC|||20160810171724
OBR|1||11P123456-98765432^MLS^2623^AUSNATA|ALL^ALL^NATA2623||20110623164200|20160623164200|||||""|Nil - Testing Hl7|||049266KX^Teste^Testy||MPATH|KEST|IMAGE|12552953|||CH|X
OBX|1|ST|ALL^ALL^L|1|Delete all results for this report||||||D

 

Anchor
4.26
4.26
4.26 Non-Displayable Supporting data

Encapsulated data attachments are non-displayable files that are ancillary to the main report. They are not e.g. images that form part of the report, related documents, or data which could be used in a display segment. An example of an attachment would be raw XML data from an instrument. Documents which are related to the current report (defined by the OBR) and are displayable using one of the supported AUSPDI display segment datatypes should appear under their own OBR. Attachments can also be represented inline (meaning under the same OBR) or under their own OBR which has the advantage of having a unique document identifier for citation purposes (OBR-3 Filler Order Number), a representation of relevant dates and authorship to be associated with the attachment. Where an attachment is used some narriative documenting the attachment should appear in the display segment associated with the OBR under which the attachment appears.

...

 

MIME TypeMime 
applicationx-hl7-cda-xdm-zipHL7 CDA when packaged in XDM ZIP format
applicationfhir+xml; fhirVersion=[version]Atomic HL7 FHIR resource content in XML format *
applicationfhir+json; fhirVersion=[version]Atomic HL7 FHIR resource content in JSON format *
textcsvComma separated file format
applicationvnd.ms-powerpointPowerpoint presentation
applicationvnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentationPowerpoint presentation
applicationvnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.documentMicrosoft Word .docx file
applicationvnd.ms-excelExcel spreadsheet xls

*Refer to the FHIR specification for appropriate values of the version variable. e.g. "4.0" https://www.hl7.org/fhir/versioning.html


Code Block
titleEncapsulated data (attachments)
ORC|RE||2.25.263498878813690208021966154988434320272^Good Hospital^1.2.36.1.2001.1003.0.8003629900024197^ISO||CM|||||||0191324T^MCINTYRE^ANDREW^^^^^^AUSHICPR^L^^^UPIN
OBR|1||2.25.263498878813690208021966154988434320272^Good Hospital^1.2.36.1.2001.1003.0.8003629900024197^ISO|18842-5^Discharge Summarization Note^LN|||20140825103830|||||||||2671351T^Doctor^Good^^^Dr^^^AUSHICPR||||||20140825103830||PHY|F||^^^20140825103830
OBX|1|ED|18842-5^Discharge Summarization Note^LN||^application^x-hl7-cda-xdm-zip^base64^UEsDBBQ
OBX|2|ED|HTML^Display format in HTML^AUSPDI||^text^html^Base64^PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIj8+Cjwh....
OBX|3|ED|PDF^Display in PDF Format^AUSPDI||^application^pdf^Base64^JVBERi0xLjQNCiXi48/TDQolDQol...ORC|RE||12123-1^Good Hospital^1.2.36.1.2001.1003.0.8003629900024197^ISO||CM|||||||0191324T^MCINTYRE^ANDREW^^^^^^AUSHICPR^L^^^UPIN

ORC|RE||12123-2^Good Hospital^1.2.36.1.2001.1003.0.8003629900024197^ISO||CM|||||||0191324T^MCINTYRE^ANDREW^^^^^^AUSHICPR^L^^^UPIN
OBR|3||12123-2^Good Hospital^1.2.36.1.2001.1003.0.8003629900024197^ISO|52033-8^General correspondence^LN Note^LN|||20140825103830|||||||||2671351T^Doctor^Good^^^Dr^^^AUSHICPR||||||20140825103830||PHY|F||^^^20140825103830
OBX|1|ED|52033-8^General correspondence^LN|2|^application^octet-stream^Base64^...||||||F
OBX|2|ED|PDF^Display format in PDF^AUSPDI||^application^pdf^Base64^...||||||F|||20170322

ORC|RE||12123-3^Good Hospital^1.2.36.1.2001.1003.0.8003629900024197^ISO||CM|||||||0191324T^MCINTYRE^ANDREW^^^^^^AUSHICPR^L^^^UPIN
OBR|4||12123-3^Good Hospital^1.2.36.1.2001.1003.0.8003629900024197^ISO|52033-8^General correspondence^LN Note^LN|||20140825103830|||||||||2671351T^Doctor^Good^^^Dr^^^AUSHICPR||||||20140825103830||PHY|F||^^^20140825103830
OBX|1|ED|PDF^Display format in PDF^AUSPDI|Supporting Letter|^application^pdf^Base64^...||||||F|||20170322
OBX|1|ED|RTF^Display format in RTF^AUSPDI|Supporting Letter|^application^rtf^Base64^...||||||F

ORC|RE||12123-4^Good Hospital^1.2.36.1.2001.1003.0.8003629900024197^ISO||CM|||||||0191324T^MCINTYRE^ANDREW^^^^^^AUSHICPR^L^^^UPIN
OBR|5||12123-4^Good Hospital^1.2.36.1.2001.1003.0.8003629900024197^ISO|52070-0^Workers compensation^LN|||20140825103830|||||||||2671351T^Doctor^Good^^^Dr^^^AUSHICPR||||||20140825103830||PHY|F||^^^20140825103830
OBX|1|ED|PDF^Display format in PDF^AUSPDI|claimform1|^application^pdf^Base64^...||||||F|||20170322

 

...

To refer to another document under another OBR then the OBR can be referenced using an OBX EI (Entity Identifier) with a OBX-3 Observation Identifier value of LP72255-0^Citation^LN.

ege.g

OBX|4|EI|LP72255-0^Citation^LN||1234^ACME Pathology^7654^AUSNATA||||||F

...